Whenever I hear the word “ASPIRIN” I can’t help myself not to think of “NEO-ASPILETS”. I’m sure you too are very much familiar with this medicine. When I was still young.. uhhh, I’m still young by the way. What I mean is when I was still even younger, every time I catch fever, she would always give me NEO-ASPILETS. I can still remember how I love this medicine for its sweet taste. As far as I can remember this OTCD (over the counter drug) is very much cheap, plus their advertisement made the Unilab a big bang in the market. For so many years I though this drug contains ASPIRIN, which cause so many adverse effect (to be discuss later on). But NEO-ASPILETS did not derive their brand name to aspirin. This made people very much confused. So Unilab change NEO-ASPILETS into NEO-KIDDIELETS which sounds safer.
I’ve mention about ASPIRIN. For the benefit of others who are not so familiar about this drug, Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid is the common drug used to cure inflammations and antipyretic (fever). My professor in Clinical Chemistry, Mrs. Virginia Gases, categorizes aspirin as the most common drug that causes toxic effect among children. Maybe because it’s an OTCD and some of which are flavors so as the children to wont be too hard to please to take. I also remember how our Hematology 2 and Clinical Chemistry (both Laboratory) professor, Mr. Abner Canlas gave, us an ATAQ during our reporting about coagulation system. He asked us about the substance which makes aspirin prolong the coagulation. Too bad we weren’t able to answer it. The answer is Cyclooxygenase------decrease thromboxane and prostaglandin formation.
Since it’s an acid excess dose intake will cause metabolic acidosis such as academia and low blood pH. This is very fatal and may lead to death. See how these little tablets can risk our precious life when taken as a big tablet. If you have encounter aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) toxicity electrolyte balance and eliminating the excess acid will serve as the treatment for it.
There are several test to determine the levels of aspirin toxicity. One is HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) or the gas chromatography, according to Calbreath, it separates the specific metabolites and provides high degree of specificity. But this test requires long duration reason why it’s not commonly use. Another test would be the rapid chromatography or the Trinders test, it is composed of mercuric chloride, hydrochloric and ferric acid. According to Calbreath the protein present in the serum are precipitated by the mercuric salt in acid medium. The ferric ions will form a colored complex and this will be measure spectrophotometry at 540nm.
I'm sure you don't want to be like this. Alone and out of mind.
Here’s the twitch.
For a person who is so guilty about it would say “NO. What in the earth is that for??” or it can be “DUH. Why do they have to??” with sharp voice, sweaty hands and face, rapid eye movement and sort of tachycardia.
For a person who is guilt free (like me) on it would probably say “what for? But its ok” or something like its fine with them.
At first, I totally disagreed about it. It’s just like, “after they find out the drug users, what’s next…??”. Though I know when a prohibited drug is administered into the body would turn a person into real immoral person. May be your asking me “why did I disagree?”.
Here is the thing. I really have a playful imagination. You may find this weird and might even say “BOO! You’re exaggerating it. ”, or even more painful than what I’ve thought. It goes like this……
“I’m so sorry Miss Lingad.” “What do you mean ma’am?” “We got your laboratory drug test result and we find out you are positive from drugs” “Which means…..??” “You can’t enroll in this university.” “……WHAT!??? But how could that be? I mean, it’s my privilege to study!” “I know, but it’s our policy.” -------end of my dreams---------
Yeah, yeah, yeah. I know I’ve been one-dimensional in that case, but it was just a playful imagination. This is very far from reality. Still I have these questions; what if, a student got positive result, what would happen next? Would he loose his right to study? What if he was just influenced, force or something against his will? Or he was just so curious about it?. Things like that.
But as I’m on my way home with a disturbing stomach, I started to think for a broader significance of drus testing for students. Since my stomach is alarming really sharp I can’t concentrate of it much. Funny I know. As I reach home and turn disturbing things into calm state, I start of thinking new idea.
My final answer would be a big . Totally and literally big huh? *laugh
Aside from teaching and preparing the students to be academically capable of towards professionalism or to whatever the carrier they choose, deep into this there is still a main goal that the school must accomplish. This is to make the student be a person, a complete person. We are old enough to think for my real point of view here. So I think I won’t explain it further.
Being under influence of drugs may put the person into a real trouble. Just like what we had just watched a while ago, THE HANGOVER. The characters are all under influenced of rhenol. They don’t even know what they did the whole night till they woke up. It was a funny movie. But if it happens for real, I think it would be the end of their life of dreams. This is not impossible to be in reality, in fact there are much more terrible cases (reported and unreported) which are really happening in our world nowadays. Specially for teen agers who are “exploring” things in different way, different as in exploding thing up!
Lets think this way;
…a student who came to school who is under the influence of drugs. In his laboratory class, he was asked to do venipuncture. . . . . and so on. . .
What do you think the patient’s life during and after the puncture??? ---pak!!--- end of his life? *kidding.
See how important drug testing before entering to school is? With this, students will be more professional in every way.
In addition, taking PROHIBITED drugs is a BIG NO NO in our country, actually all over the world. Whether for school purpose or not, I totally AGREE for drug testing as a requirement to each and everyone.
ABOUT THE TITLE:
I entitled my blog post ECLIPSE OF THE HANGOVER. because a while ago we watched HERE's COMES THE BRIDE and the HANG OVER.
its like when you take prohibited drugs, you're turning your life into darkness which was originally and suppose to bright. Got what I mean?
It was our third night and we run out of stories. Since Kathleen was the only one who know the place by heart. We asked her to take us out.
It took her about half an hour when she finally told us…….. that she DON’T have any idea. We all raised our one eyebrow to her and give an awkward face. Plus a pinch coming from my cousin, Tayn.
Tik-tok-tik-tok-tik-tok
None of us hesitate to talk. Until the crickets break the silence. But the frogs didn’t let them win.
Beep!beep! (it’s coming from a mobile)
“hey! You guys seems to be bored”
“you betcha Mang Jerry!” as I replied with a sad face.
“go with me, I’ll take you three to the bayan. It’s their last night. ”
? ? ? ? ? ? ?. It’s because we don’t have any idea on what he is talking about. Instead of asking “W’s”, we stood up immediately as we grab our phone’s and camera’s.
While walking to get in the mobile, Rovi crack a joke.
“Mang Jerry, thank God you came. Ah! By the way Kath nice try, but thanks anyway. I appreciate your effort.”
Everybody was laughing, including Kath.
Ssssssssshhhhwwwwsssss……
As the cold fresh breeze of air hits my boy. I can’t help not take a deep breath.
When I turn my head on both sides, I’ve noticed the houses. Only few had their lights on. The convenience stores, grocery stores, mini boutiques and some drugstores are already close. But it’s just pass seven o’clock. Well, they have different routine. We’re out with that.
Tug.tugs.tugs.tugs…………
“here we are. I’ll fetch you later just let me know when you want to.”
“okay, thank you po” as we answered in a childish way.
The place is big, field with green grass. Mini tents are build most of them sell souvenirs’. One tent catches our attention, the TATTOO section. Just henna. Their designs are cool at negotiable price. The three of us gave it a try. I had mine in my lower back and the other two at their upper hand.
I was the last who finished because it’s much bigger than they have. They did fine. But the other two are unhappy, plus Rovi who gave his comment about their work. They knew a lot in arts, because they are an artist. During those times, they are freshly graduate with a degree of bachelor of science FINE ARTS. Yeah, they paint really good.
Here are samples.
Few steps away from the last stall we’ve been through. Anne Curtis’ tarpaulin was there holding a bottle of GSM blue. They are hard drinkers and they didn’t let the opportunity to escape. A girl assisted us, gave us vacant seats and table as she let us choose variety of flavors.
Believe it or not, during those times I don’t drink alcohol. It ended there, they asked me to try. Out of curiosity, I took a shoot. Then took another one and it goes on and on.
I felt a bit tipsy. I asked them to go back home. We tried to call Mang Jerry but he’s not answering our call. There is no other choice but to walk.
Walking way home at the middle on the night without any fear is one of the amazing things I had during my stay in Marinduque. We we’re giggling and it took our tipsy feeling away.
Finally we’re home!We decided to stay at the nipa hat cause we’re not sleepy.
Surprisingly! A clear long bottle sparked as the rays of light strikes on it. Oh no! Rovi both a bottle of gin. Things followed, play cards with a glass moving around. Ken heard us. Came closer and joined us, bother of Kathleen. He asked to have another round of shot. Oh no! I can’t find my way out. Sari-sari store was just next to us and I think it was the only store open. They both 2 bottle of GSM, they call it four-sided bottle.
They made a rule in playing cards. It goes like this: 1 LOSE is equivalent to 1 GLASS of gin. But still the glass is rotating (half filled) while playing.
Have I mentioned that I don’t play cards? If not. Yeah I don’t. they teach me the mechanics but I play bad all the way. Imagine how many times the glass went to me. Reason why the gin taste like water to me.
Then finally we’re done. I felt tipsy, but not drunk. We went to our room, upstairs. I still walk straight, very conscious and feeling like nothing went to my stomach.
Few minutes later I just feel my heart beating so fast. I barely catch my breath. I start to feel cold but my body was so warm.My vision got blurry. I stood up and can’t help myself not to cry hard.
They all got panic and keeps on asking me what’s wrong. I can’t speak! I don’t know what to say. Until I just fell down to the foam (good thing I fell there). I can see their faces with full of fears.
Sharp pain put me into sorrow. It feels like sharp needles are being punctured from my feet up to my head. Then whenever they touched my legs, it feels like-----I can’t describe it. All I know is it’s hurting me too much. I tried to speak but I can’t even move my tongue. I even tried to hold the hand of my cousin but I can’t move it.
Then I realized my body doesn’t want to follow me anymore. It seems like I don’t own my body. Then it all turned out into black.
I heard someone screaming as I open my eyes, I saw a man being transferred to another bed filled with blood. I got scared. I switch my eyes on the other side. Tiles, faucet, cabinet, scissors, knife, trays, and other stuff with are very familiar.
“Jennie?”
Subconsciously I turned my head. A man wearing all white came and asks me
“Do you know where you are?”
“Hospital??” I replied with full of fears.
“Yes, specifically in the emergency room.”
Emergency room! I couldn’t believe it. I can’t think of any reason, my mind went blank. I thought it was dream or something else.
“Can you remember how you get here?”
“…………..No, I was with my friends and cousin. That’s all I could remember.”
“I know you’re scared. They’re waiting outside. I’ll them in.”
They came in and gave me a hug. Then laugh at me really hard as they tell me the whole story. Rovi even showed his feet, he’s not wearing slippers. According to him, he got panic and forgot to wear his slippers. Oh that made me laugh!
Doctor came in and let me drink a medicine. She prescribed a medicine and ask me to take it 3x a day after meal.
Well it’s an experience that I surely don’t want to happen ever again! Honestly, I thought it would be my last word, last tears, last breath and last night of my life.
Ever since I gain knowledge about the function of pancreas I became more conscious about my glucose level and derive this series of questions.
In 100g of chocolate how much insulin is secreted?
Each time we eat sweets and we couldn’t just stop our self to eat more, how will our insulin manage?
I can picture how our pancreas releases insulin into our blood streams. It’s like a tube sucked in the faucet with high pressure of water that wash away the dirt in the field. Amazing isn’t?
But currently I’m on a diet. The feeling of eagerness keeps on bothering me just to achieve slim body. Cutting calorie intake and mostly starving is my style to lose weight. Oh here comes glucagon to the rescue! It will risk everything just to provide glucose to your body. Well I should thank my lovable glucagon in cutting my fats and carbohydrates to provide the energy I need.
WATCH!
Let me share this to you..
Aren't they adorable?
Both of them are my goddaughters. I know it’s a big responsibility to be one, it in tales the duty of being second parent. Based on experience it’s hard to manage a good relationship between them specially when there is a thin chance to spend a whole day with them.
Honestly speaking, I’m pretty much closer to the girl who wears gown. Her name is Charisse Kate, I call her “tetet”. Because when she was still a toddler, she cannot pronounce her name well. So whenever we asked her
What is your name?
Tate… This makes us laugh every time she mentions. I so love this girl, she’s very sweet and polite. Kate would always welcome me hugs and kisses. But take note of the hug she give, it will take minutes before she release her hand from me. In return I’ll shower her with kisses.
Then my petite niece of all Laura Julian. During her early years or should I say much more early years, she is very close to me. But as she grows she started to hate me. She always make tantrums or snobbish attitude which is opposite from before. I really don’t know the logic behind until her mom told me that she is insecure at me. OMG, at a young age?
Kids would always have a sweet tooth, excluding Lj. She don’t crave much of sweets, she’s more into minty and spicy foods. Reason why she’s very thin (I guess).
(Relation to the blog topic. Please refer also to “2ne1.. Just ring the alarm”)
Kates insulin is very active while Lj’s insulin is within normal state. But Lj’s glucagon is very active. But this is just a theory. In order to determine the insulin and glucagon level is, RIA test is the specific test perform.
RIA for insulin
The principle of the test for insulin is base on the antigen-antibody binding. At a fix number of labeled insulin and unlabelled insulin will compete for the specific antibody of the insulin. The antibody is inversely proportional to the concentration of the unlabelled ligand. Magnetizable immunosorbent is added, to allow the antigen-antibody complex being at solid particles. Solid particles will then be separated by centrifugation or magnetic sedimentation. Radioactivity will be measured.
RIA for insulin is a quantitative determination in patients serum. Where in insulin’s normal value is 0-00 uIU/ml or 0-14 ng/ml.
RIA for glucagon RIA for glucagon uses human plasma. The glucagon is evaluated by antigen antibody competitive binding to the rabbit anti serum and glucagon-albumin conjugate. I-labelled glucagon together with the standard and sample glucagon will compete for the binding site of antibodies.
Fasting is required to avoid variable result. Since the food we eat contains glucose, once it is digested and absorbed, false elevated level will be obtained. Wrong diagnosis and treatment will follow.
2NE1 is a korean girl group composed of four members. They dance pretty good and sings korean pop (which I can't understand). I like their skin, as well as their pretty face, specially BOM, you must agree with me. But I won't tell much about them since this article is not about the korean group.
why It's 2NE1.. "Just Ring The Alarm"?
The topic assigned to me is the PANCREAS. Pan-creas,,,, pan... PANCAKE!! I want to eat pancake (seriously).Before I share the reason behind the title, I want you to read this entire article that will serve as a clue. :)
Here is a picture of the stomach, PANCREAS and duodenum.
Pancreas is more likely similar to the shape of the fish. It is a gland that actively participates in the digestive system. This gland is located posterior to the stomach that lies and connected in the space curvature of the duodenum. It is composed of two different tissues: the exocrine and endocrine tissue, each of them performs important functions.
(photo is taken from anatomy and physiology book)
What is EXOCRINE GLAND?
The exocrine tissue produces enzymes and pancreatic fluid. It is composed of grape like clusters called acinar gland. These clusters are connected to small ducts that will meet to form large ducts, and the larger ducts will join to form the major pancreatic duct and the accessory duct. The major pancreatic duct will serve as the passage way of the pancreatic fluid into the opening of the duodenum called the major duodenal papilla.
Isn't the stomach produces gastric juice? Gastric juice is highly acidic. Stomach digest the food and delivers it to the small intestine for absorption of nutrients. But how come the lining of the intestine doesn't burn or damaged? This is due to the super power of the pancreatic fluid! The pancreatic fluid comes in clear, colorless, watery and rich in protein. It has an alkaline pH that can reach up to 8.3, this due to the high concentration of sodium bicarbonate. The pancreatic fluid will now neutralize the acidic chyme coming from the stomach as it enters the small intestine. This is to protect the lining of the intestine and provides the proper environment of enzymes.
Who will help the small intestine to absorb and break the food substances if the pancreatic fluid is alkaline? As the pancreas secret pancreatic fluid, the enzymes are also being released. The pancreatic enzymes are capable of digesting the three major food substances: proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Each of them has corresponding enzymes. The major proteolic enzymes are trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase. The carbohydrate-splitting enzyme is pancreatic amylase. The lipid-digesting enzymes are primarily lipase and lecithinase.
What is ENDOCRINE GLAND?
The endocrine tissues produce hormones. It consists of pancreatic islets or the islet of langerhans, which has four different cell types. The islets are endocrine cells compactly arranged in clusters and cords with dense network of capillaries. The endocrine cells are then directly connected to the blood stream.
Hormones
Insulin
Glucagon
Somatostatin
Pancreatic polypeptide
Insulin
We often encounter insulin when we are talking about diabetes or glucose intake. What is insulin for?
Insulin is produced by the beta cells in the islets of langerhans. These beta cells will act as the watch dogs of the insulin when there is a HIGH level of glucose. When there is an increase in body glucose, insulin will cause an increase movement of the glucose into the body cells and will increase the metabolism of glucose. The glucose now will be distributed to different cells (such as liver and muscles) and will use glucose as the source of energy.
What will happen is there is an abnormal insulin?
If insulin is not present the body cells will use fats as source of energy. It may also lead to starvation even you eat foods which are rich in glucose, because the body cells cannot access the calories present in the glucose. Also, the blood sugar level is higher than the normal because the red blood cells cannot distribute the glucose to the other cells and unable to metabolize glucose.
But aside from using fats our body can help our blood to maintain its level at a normal range. If our glucose level is low another hormone would take place to do its function to stabilized the glucose level. The next hormone is the...
Glucagon
Glucagon is produced by the alpha cells of the islet of langerhans. The alpha cells will trigger the release of glucagon if there is LOW level of glucose. This is due to stress and fasting state. Once glucagon is released, it will now increase the level of glucose. But how will this hormone increase the level of glucose if a person is having a diet or fasting? Glucagon will increase the hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Isn’t the glucose is being stored in the liver in the form of glycogen. So the liver is the working area of the said hormone. The glucagon hormone will bind to the glucagon receptor present in the liver to cause glycogenolysis, the breakdown of glycogen into glucose, which will be release into the bloodstream. The liver will now undergo gluconeogenesis, to produce glucose.
Glucagon is the counter part of the insulin.
Somatostatin
I find somatostatin as a weird hormone. Seems like it plays a”kontra-binda” role in different parts of the body system.
Somatostatin is produced in delta cells of the islet of langerhans. These hormone has a very short-life. Its function is to SUPRESS or INHIBITS the production of some hormones in the pituitary gland, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. Even the nonendocrine functions such as the release of pancreatic enzyme, gastric acid and gastric emptying time. But still it helps in stoping the over production of the hormones throughout the body.
Pancreatic polypeptide
Some books doesn’t have this hormone, but as I go search through net it comply to the pancreas. Actually it is one of the interesting hormones.
Pancreatic polypeptide hormone is again secreted in the islet of langerhans by the pancreatic polypeptide cells. It inhibits the contraction of the gallbladder as well as the function of exocrine glands of the pancreas. Just like glucagon, it is activated when there is fasting, low glucose level and a person which has protein-rich meals.
You know what’s interesting in this hormone?? According to some researchers in London, if PP level is low the tendency is there would be an increase in appetite. They perform clinical trials; they injected PP on animals that suppressed their appetite. For a person who has anorexia nervosa PP level is elevated.
Now it is being used to treat obesity. It is called PP 1420 and it is injected to the vein of the human. It has no side effect such as feeling weak or dizziness. Safe and effective.
I like it! This will help my body to slim down.
I almost forgot to mention the size of the pancreas, it is about six inches long. Imagine even at that small size it contribute a lot in our body. Life is really precious!
TITLE: It's 2NE1.. "Just Ring The Alarm"
2NE1 stands for 2 in 1 and TO ANYONE.
The pancreas is a single organ but it has TWO PARTS: exocrine and endocrine. The enzymes and the hormones will be activated once it was triggered (alarm) by the corresponding substances to keep the body in normal condition.
That's it, I hope learn a lot from this article, it's TO ANYONE.
